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The ''Duke of Edinburgh''-class cruiser was a class of two armoured cruisers built for the Royal Navy in the first decade of the 20th Century. They were the first British armoured cruisers designed to work with the battlefleet rather than protect merchant shipping. After commissioning, they were assigned to the Atlantic, Channel and Home Fleets until 1913 when they were transferred to the Mediterranean Fleet. After the start of World War I in August 1914, the sister ships participated in the pursuit of the German battlecruiser and light cruiser . After the German ships reached their refuge in Ottoman Turkey, the ships were ordered to the Red Sea for convoy escort duties. They captured three German merchant ships before they returned to home at the end of the year. The sisters participated in the Battle of Jutland in May 1916 where was sunk with all hands. spent the next year on blockade duties in the North Sea before she was transferred to the Atlantic Ocean on convoy escort duties for the rest of the war. She was sold for scrap in 1920. ==Design and description== After the preceding , the Royal Navy rethought how it planned to use its armoured cruisers. It decided that they were going to form a fast wing of the battlefleet which meant that they required heavier armour and armament to fight their counterparts in opposing fleets and thus larger and more expensive. Two armoured cruisers were planned for the 1902–1903 Naval Programme and the newly appointed Director of Naval Construction, Philip Watts designed what naval historian Oscar Parkes called: "cruiser editions of the s". In these, his first design, he perpetuated the worst feature of the designs by his predecessor, Sir William White, by placing the secondary armament of guns in embrasures a deck below the main armament which meant that the guns were inoperable in anything more than a dead calm sea.〔Parkes, pp. 441, 443〕 A solution for this problem was offered after construction began when Watts learned that the ships would be lighter than expected and that weight would be available to replace the six-inch guns with guns raised to the same deck as the main armament. The change would cost a total of £398,000 for the two ships, far too expensive for the Board of Admiralty, so it was rejected on 30 March 1904.〔Friedman 2012, pp. 261–62〕 The ''Duke of Edinburgh''-class ships were designed to displace , but they proved to be significantly lighter as built, displacing at normal load and fully loaded.〔 The ships had an overall length of and a length between perpendiculars of . They had a beam of and a deep draught of forward and aft. The class was over longer overall than the ''Devonshire''s and displaced over more.〔Chesneau & Kolesnik, pp. 71–72〕 The ships' complement was 769 officers and enlisted men.〔Friedman 2012, p. 336〕 They rolled quickly with a metacentric height of at deep load and their six-inch guns were as wet as predicted.〔McBride, pp. 379, 391〕 The cruisers were powered by two 4-cylinder triple-expansion steam engines, each driving one shaft, which produced a total of and gave a maximum speed of . The engines were powered by 20 Babcock & Wilcox water-tube boilers and six cylindrical boilers. The ships carried a maximum of of coal〔Chesneau & Kolesnik, p. 72〕 and an additional of fuel oil that was sprayed on the coal to increase its burn rate. At full capacity, they could steam for at a speed of .〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Duke of Edinburgh-class cruiser」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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